Diabetic foot usually develops when several risk factors are present together, rather than from a single cause.
Nerve damage makes wounds harder to notice, while poor circulation can delay healing; repeated pressure and skin damage may also encourage wounds to develop.
- Nerve damage and loss of sensation
- Poor circulation
- Repeated pressure
- Unsuitable footwear
- Inadequate daily checks
Nerve damage and loss of sensation
Persistently high blood sugar may affect nerves. Reduced sensation of pain and pressure may delay recognition of a wound.
Blocked arteries and circulation problems
Reduced blood flow to the foot can impair tissue nourishment, delay healing and make it easier for infection to progress.
Pressure and mechanical trauma
Constant pressure on calluses, bony prominences and deformities may gradually break down the skin.
Unsuitable footwear
Shoes that squeeze or rub the foot may increase pressure and cause small, unnoticed wounds.
Lack of daily care
Failing to check the feet regularly may cause early signs such as cracks, cuts, calluses and color changes to be missed.
Do not focus on a single cause
Decisions should not be based solely on the foot's appearance; clinical assessment of sensation, circulation, pressure and infection is needed.
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Scientific sources
This information is for general education. The assessment and treatment appropriate for you are determined by a medical examination.
