Diabetic foot symptoms may be mild initially and go unnoticed because of loss of sensation.
Regularly checking for new foot changes is important for early assessment in people with diabetes.
- A nonhealing or enlarging wound
- Redness, swelling or increased warmth
- Color change
- Discharge or an unpleasant odor
- Numbness and loss of sensation
Nonhealing foot wounds
A new open wound, blister or skin loss in someone with diabetes should be assessed promptly by the healthcare team the same day, within one working day at the latest. Urgency increases if the wound enlarges or signs of infection develop.
Redness, swelling and increased warmth
New localized redness, tenderness, swelling or increased warmth compared with the other foot may indicate infection or inflammation.
Color change
Changes such as darkening, a bluish color or pallor may require assessment for circulation problems.
Discharge and odor
Discharge or an unpleasant odor from a wound may indicate progressing infection and should be assessed promptly.
Numbness and loss of sensation
Numbness, tingling, burning or reduced pain sensation may allow injuries to progress unnoticed.
The absence of pain does not rule out a problem
Do not wait for symptoms to resolve on their own if there is a new wound, discharge, color change or rapidly increasing redness.
Consider changes together
Describing when symptoms began and how they changed is as important as comparing them individually. For example, redness where a shoe rubs is assessed differently from widespread redness accompanying an open wound. Little pain does not indicate a mild problem, especially when sensation is reduced.
During checks, examine the top of the foot, the sole and between the toes. If you have difficulty seeing your feet, use a mirror or help from a family member. If you notice a new open wound or a marked change in color or warmth, contact your healthcare team instead of diagnosing it yourself.
Related content
Scientific sources
This information is for general education. The assessment and treatment appropriate for you are determined by a medical examination.
Further reading: NIDDK foot health · NICE NG19 · AAOS patient guide
